Validation Of Combur-Test10 (Roche) Urinary Dipsticks And Study Of The Effect Of Storage Time And Temperature On Ph, Density, Protein, And Crystal Formation In Equine Urine Samples.
Keywords:
crystals, equine, urinary dipsticks, urinary pH, urinary protein, urine specific gravity
Abstract
Urinalysis is a diagnostic test routinely performed in veterinary medicine. This test is extremely important in the early diagnosis of kidney disease and diseases of the lower urinary tract, as well as other systemic diseases. It should be performed as soon as possible after collection, as changes in its composition, such as crystal formation, may occur. There are some factors that can influence the formation of these crystals in vitro, including temperature and storage time. If it is not possible to analyze urine immediately, samples should be refrigerated between 2ºC and 8°C in order to preserve some physical and chemical properties of urine, however refrigeration may increase the likelihood of in vitro crystal formation. Routine analysis of urine biochemistry is performed using reactive urine strips. The objective of this study was to validate the Combur-test10 (Roche) urinary dipsticks and to study the effect of storage time and temperature on the parameters: pH, urine density, amount of protein and crystal formation in equine urine samples. Combur-test10 (Roche) urinary dipsticks were found to be unreliable for correctly estimating urinary protein, urine density and pH in horses. Storage time and temperature had no significant effect on the parameters pH, urine density, amount of protein and the number of calcium carbonate crystals during the 24 hours of the study. As for calcium oxalate crystals, their number was stable only up to 12 hours of the study and an increase in their formation was observed over time at both temperatures.References
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[13] Albasan, H., Lulich, J. P., Osborne, C. A., Lekcharoensuk, C., Ulrich, L. K., & Carpenter, K. A. (2003). Effects of storage time and temperature on pH, specific gravity, and crystal formation in urine samples from dogs and cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 222(2), 176-179. https://doi.org/10.2460/javma.2003.222.176
[14] Sink, C. A. & Weinstein N. M. (2012). Routine Urinalysis: microscopic elements. In C. A. Sink & B. F. Feldman (Eds.), Practical veterinary Urinalysis (pp. 55-60). Wiley-Backwell. ISBN: 978-0470958247
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[21] Yadav, S. N., Ahmed, N., Nath, A. J., Mahanta, D., & Kalita, M. K. (2020). Urinalysis in dog and cat: A review. Veterinary World, 13(10), 2133–2141. https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.2133-2141
[22] Nunes, A. R. (2016). Relatório de Estágio no Serviço de Patologia Clínica do Centro Hospitalar S.João, Porto [Relatório de Estágio, Universidade de Coimbra]. Repositório Científico da Universidade de Coimbra. https://estudogeral.uc.pt/bitstream/10316/36844/1/Relat%c3%b3rio%20de%20Est%c3%a1gio_AnaRuteSerranoNunes.pdf
[23] Savage, C. J. (2008). Urinary Clinical Pathologic Findings and Glomerular Filtration Rate in the Horse. Veterinary Clinics Of North America: Equine Practice, 24(2), 387-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/jcveq.2008.05.002
[24] Delvescovo, B. (2022). Discolored urine in horses and foals. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 38(1), 57-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2021.11.005
[25] Schott, H. C. & Esser, M. M. (2020). The Sick Adult Horse: Renal Clinical Pathologic Testing and Urinalysis. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice. 36(1), 121-134. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cveq.2019.12.003
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Published
2025-02-17
How to Cite
Joana Ramalho, Felisbina Queiroga, Amana Maia, Ângela Martins, & Ana C. Silvestre-Ferreira. (2025). Validation Of Combur-Test10 (Roche) Urinary Dipsticks And Study Of The Effect Of Storage Time And Temperature On Ph, Density, Protein, And Crystal Formation In Equine Urine Samples. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 26(1), 47 - 56. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v26i1.1701
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