Prevalence of Silkworm Disease and its Impact on Cocoon Productivity in Jammu Region.
Abstract
Jammu and Kashmir have two different sericulture zones mainly temperate and subtropical based on their agro-climate conditions. Due to prolong domestication, silkworm developed less immunity and less adaptability and hence often suffered from infection and resulted in the outbreak of disease. The factor responsible for disease prevalence was the wider fluctuation of temperature and humidity conditions. In current investigation, survey was carried out in sericulture potential district of Jammu division during 2022-2023 to find out the prevalence of silkworm disease and its impact on cocoon productivity during spring and autumn season. The average data was recorded in autumn and spring rearing season with 50-70% and 15-30% percent grasserie, whereas no other disease throughout the period was found. Outbreak of disease in turn affected the cocoon yield and it was observed that with respect to the prevalence of grasserie during autumn season among the various abiotic factors, temperature was positively correlated (pooled r=0.65) and was highly significant with respect to humidity (r=0.56) which was significant and positively correlated. Highly significant F- value of 1.41 was obtained for the interaction of various independent factors and overall variation predicted in the data was highly significant. The temperature and humidity have directly affected the overall growth and development of silkworm and also played role in incidence and prevalence of the disease. Any fluctuation in temperature and humidity condition caused physiological changes in each instar of silkworm larvae and caused emergence of disease (grasserie). The current study revealed that the main cause of prevalence of grasserie was the change in temperature and humidity abruptly, causing great threat to sericulture industry of J&K
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