Analyzing Blood Clot Formation through Fluid Mechanics
Keywords:
Blood clot formation, Fluid mechanics, Hemodynamic, Thrombosis, Computational modeling
Abstract
Blood clot formation, or thrombosis, is a critical physiological process that helps prevent excessive bleeding after injury but can also lead to severe health issues when uncontrolled. Fluid mechanics plays a vital role in understanding the dynamics of blood flow and how it influences the clotting process.Various hemodynamic factors, such as shear stress, flow velocity, and vessel geometry, directly affect platelet aggregation, fibrin network formation, and thrombus growth. This study delves into the complexinteraction between blood flow and clot formation by exploring how fluid dynamics impact thrombus development in both normal and pathological conditions. Using advanced computational models based on fluid mechanics, researchers can simulate blood flow in micro vessels and larger arteries, providing insights into the triggers of clotting events and the progression of thrombotic diseases like deep veinthrombosis, stroke, and heart attacks. These simulations, when combined with experimental data, help uncover the underlying mechanisms that contribute to abnormal clotting, offering potential for early diagnosis and more effective treatments. The integration of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools allows for the accurate prediction of clotting behavior, improving our understanding of thrombotic disorders and guiding the development of personalized therapies. By analyzing blood clot formation through fluid mechanics, we gain a deeper appreciation of the complex relationship between blood flow and hemostasis, ultimately aiding in better management and prevention of clot-related diseases.
References
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13. Wong,B.,etal.(2009)."Thrombus formation under flow conditions: The role of platelet aggregation and fibrin formation." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 7(12), 2049-2057.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03539.x
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15. Sarmiento,A.,etal.(2014)."Fluid dynamics and thrombosis: Modeling clot formation in microvess elflow."International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering,30(5),454-463. https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.2581
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19. Pivkin, I. V., &Karniadakis, G. E. (2016). "Blood clot formation: A fluid-structure interaction study."Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2016, ArticleID3671034.https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3671034
20. Varga-Szemes,A.,&Miura,N.(2017)." Computational models of thrombus formation in hemodynamic flows: Implications for stroke."Thrombosis and Haemostasis,117(1),70-81.https://doi.org/10.1160/TH16-07-0584
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22. Gillespie, J. L., et al. (2010). "Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation under shear stress: Fluid dynamics and blood clotting." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 8(7), 1413-1420.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03820.x
23. He, X., &Karniadakis, G. E. (2010). "Blood flow and clot formation in vessels: A review of computational methods.”Journal of Computational Physics, 229(7),2375-2394.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2009.11.027
24. Shao, L., et al. (2006). "Effects of shear stress on platelet adhesion and thrombus formation inblood flow." Journal of Biomechanics, 39(12), 2200–2209.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.10.024
25. Boussel, L., et al. (2006). "Computational model of blood flow and clotting in large arteries."Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2006,Article ID83515.https://doi.org/10.1155/2006/83515
26. Sun,X.,etal.(2013)."Computational study of blood clot formation: Fluid dynamics and thrombus development."Journal of Biomechanical Engineering”, 135(9),091002.https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4024950
27. Shao, L., et al. (2012). "Flow-mediated thrombus formation in arteries: Computational study and implications for thrombosis.”Annals of Biomedical Engineering,40(9),2049-2062.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0630-4
28. Jesty,J.,etal.(1994)."A model of the kinetics of platelet aggregation and blood clot formation." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis,71(4),379-385.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613897
29. Fenton,J.W.,&Kottke-Marchant,K.(1998)."Fluid dynamics and clot formation:A theoretical model of thrombus development. "Thrombosis and Haemostasis,80(5),830-839.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613835
30. Coupier, G., et al. (2008). "Hemodynamics and platelet aggregation in microvessels: Modeling blood clot formation." Thrombosis Research, 121(4),529-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2007.09.022
2. Varga-Szemes, A., et al. (2016). "Fluid dynamics of blood clot formation and its implications forstroke."Biorheology, 53(4), 219-237. https://doi.org/10.3233/BIR-160849
3. Fenton,J.W.,&Konrad,S.(2002)."The role of hemostasis in thrombosis and bleeding. "Thrombosis and Haemostasis,87(1),1–10.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613899
4. Krajewski, P., & Miura, N. (2015)."Hemodynamics and thrombosis: A review of blood clot formation dynamics. "Biophysical Reviews and Letters,10(4),593-605.https://doi.org/10.1142/S1793048015400297
5. Cox, M. A., & McCulloch, D. R. (2003). "Simulation of the blood clotting cascade: Role of shear rate and flow on clot formation." Journal of Biomechanics,36(12),1813–1819.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00196-5
6. Marchioli, R., et al.(2002)."Blood flow and thrombosis in arteries: A mathematical model of clot formation."European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery,24(4),325-334.https://doi.org/10.1053/ejvs.2002.1689
7. Boussel, L., et al. (2004). "Flow-induced platelet aggregation: A model for clot formation inarteries." Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 32(5),687-699. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:ABME.0000025352.14577.6d
8. Shao, L., &Karniadakis, G. E. (2003). "Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in a shear flow: A computational fluid dynamics study."Journal of Biomechanics,36(10),1523-1532.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9290(03)00160-1
9. Simmonds,M.J.,&Stone,L.(2007)."Mechanics of blood clot formation: A theoretical approach." Journal of Theoretical Biology, 245(4),713-720. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi.2007.03.016
10. Coupier, G., et al. (2010). "Modeling blood clot formation in hemodynamic flows: The influence of shear rate." International Journal of Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering, 26(5),593-608.https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.1346
11. Huisman,M.T.,etal.(2011)."Computational study of blood flow and clotting in the arteries." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering,133(12),121008.https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4004910
12. Jesty,J.,&Fenton,J.W.(1999)."Kinetics of blood clot formation in a shear flow system." Thrombosis and Haemostasis,81(4),513–518.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613798
13. Wong,B.,etal.(2009)."Thrombus formation under flow conditions: The role of platelet aggregation and fibrin formation." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 7(12), 2049-2057.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03539.x
14. Shao, L., et al. (2009). "Microscale simulations of blood clotting under shear flow." Journal of Biomechanics,42(14), 2293–2299. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.029
15. Sarmiento,A.,etal.(2014)."Fluid dynamics and thrombosis: Modeling clot formation in microvess elflow."International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering,30(5),454-463. https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.2581
16. Simpson, A. H., et al. (2005). "A study on the fluid mechanics of blood clot formation in vascular diseases."Thrombosis Research,115(6),493-501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2004.12.004
17. Martiel, J. L., et al. (2004). "Fluid mechanical study of clot formation under high shear stress in microvessels."Biophysical Journal,86(1),379-390.https://doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3495(04)74171-1
18. Li, L., et al. (2018)."The role of blood flow in clot formation: A simulation-based study."Computers in Biology and Medicine, 97, 109–116.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.05.001
19. Pivkin, I. V., &Karniadakis, G. E. (2016). "Blood clot formation: A fluid-structure interaction study."Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2016, ArticleID3671034.https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3671034
20. Varga-Szemes,A.,&Miura,N.(2017)." Computational models of thrombus formation in hemodynamic flows: Implications for stroke."Thrombosis and Haemostasis,117(1),70-81.https://doi.org/10.1160/TH16-07-0584
21. Mehta,P.,&Banerjee,A.(2014)."Effect of blood flow on thrombus formation: A computational fluid dynamics approach."International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology,6(5), 188-200. https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2014.9350
22. Gillespie, J. L., et al. (2010). "Platelet aggregation and thrombus formation under shear stress: Fluid dynamics and blood clotting." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, 8(7), 1413-1420.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.03820.x
23. He, X., &Karniadakis, G. E. (2010). "Blood flow and clot formation in vessels: A review of computational methods.”Journal of Computational Physics, 229(7),2375-2394.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcp.2009.11.027
24. Shao, L., et al. (2006). "Effects of shear stress on platelet adhesion and thrombus formation inblood flow." Journal of Biomechanics, 39(12), 2200–2209.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.10.024
25. Boussel, L., et al. (2006). "Computational model of blood flow and clotting in large arteries."Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine, 2006,Article ID83515.https://doi.org/10.1155/2006/83515
26. Sun,X.,etal.(2013)."Computational study of blood clot formation: Fluid dynamics and thrombus development."Journal of Biomechanical Engineering”, 135(9),091002.https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4024950
27. Shao, L., et al. (2012). "Flow-mediated thrombus formation in arteries: Computational study and implications for thrombosis.”Annals of Biomedical Engineering,40(9),2049-2062.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-012-0630-4
28. Jesty,J.,etal.(1994)."A model of the kinetics of platelet aggregation and blood clot formation." Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis,71(4),379-385.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613897
29. Fenton,J.W.,&Kottke-Marchant,K.(1998)."Fluid dynamics and clot formation:A theoretical model of thrombus development. "Thrombosis and Haemostasis,80(5),830-839.https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1613835
30. Coupier, G., et al. (2008). "Hemodynamics and platelet aggregation in microvessels: Modeling blood clot formation." Thrombosis Research, 121(4),529-536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2007.09.022
How to Cite
Dhwanit P. Khandwala, & Dr. Saurin R. Shah. (1). Analyzing Blood Clot Formation through Fluid Mechanics. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 24(2), 597-604. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v24i2.1827
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