Gender-Specific Adverse Effect Profile Of Parenteral Zoledronic Acid: A Cross Sectional Observational Study

Dr. Ajaz Kariem Khan; Dr. Ummer Jalalie; Dr. Fehmeeda Jalalie

doi:10.69980/redvet.v24i2.2013

Dr. Ajaz Kariem Khan
Dr. Ummer Jalalie
Dr. Fehmeeda Jalalie

DOI: https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v24i2.2013

Keywords: Zoledronic Acid, Gender Differences, Adverse Effects, Bisphosphonates and Pharmacovigilance

Abstract

Background: Zoledronic acid, a potent nitrogen-containing bisphosphonate, has emerged as a crucial treatment option for various bone disorders including osteoporosis, Paget's disease and bone metastases (Black et al., 2007)¹. Administered intravenously, zoledronic acid offers the advantage of improved bioavailability and patient compliance compared to oral bisphosphonates (Reid et al., 2002)².

Aim: To study adverse effect profile of parenteral zoledronic acid between male and female patients, assessing incidence and severity of adverse effects and identifying gender-specific adverse effects.

Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational study was conducted on 100 patients (23 males, 77 females) receiving parenteral Zoledronic acid in a private medical institute in Kashmir. Patients were monitored for adverse effects following zoledronic acid administration. Data collection included patient demographics, medical history, Zoledronic acid dosage and detailed documentation of adverse effects. Standardized assessment tools were used to evaluate the severity and duration of side effects. Blood and urine samples were collected before and after treatment to assess biochemical parameters. Statistical analysis compared adverse effect profiles between genders.

Results:Significant gender differences were observed in adverse effect profile. Pyrexia was more common in males (60.9%) than females (32.5%). Myalgia affected 47.8% of males compared to 26% of females, while headaches were more prevalent in females (46.8%) than males (21.7%).Arthralgia showed similar rates between genders (35.1% females, 34.8% males). Dizziness was the most common adverse effect overall (20%), with a higher prevalence in females (22.1%) compared to males (13%). Hypotension and anxiety (2% each) were exclusively reported by females.

Conclusion: This study reveals significant gender-specific differences in the adverse effect profile of parenteral zoledronic acid. Males experienced higher rates of pyrexia and myalgia while females reported more headaches and dizziness. These findings reveal the importance of considering gender as a factor in predicting and managing side effects of zoledronic acid treatment. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to confirm these trends and explore their underlying mechanisms.

Author Biographies

Dr. Ajaz Kariem Khan

MD / FACR / FCRM, Director: Centre for Arthritis and Regenerative Medicine, Prime Clinics, Karan Nagar, Srinagar, J&K

Dr. Ummer Jalalie

Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Pt. JLNGMC & Hospital, Chamba, H.P. 176310,

Dr. Fehmeeda Jalalie

PG Scholar, Department of Pharmacology, GMC, Srinagar

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