Dexamethasone-Induced Changes in Phenylbutazone Absorption in Chicks
Abstract
The absorption of drugs in chicks, as in any animal species, can be influenced by various factors. The route of drug administration can significantly affect absorption. Chicks can receive drugs through different routes such as oral, parenteral or topical. The goal of the current research is to determine how Dexamethasone (DM) treatment affects phenylbutazone's (PB) pharmaceutical kinetics blood levels, and therapeutic activity in a chick species. The maximum effective doses (ED50s) of the analgesics for DM and PB, respectively, were 5.61 and 0.64 mg/kg, IP. These ED50s have been calculated to be 1.77 and decreased to 0.18 mg/kg, IP, correspondingly. The results of this research indicate that PB and DM combine pharmacologically in an additive way. Therefore, the plasma amounts of PB at a dose of 11.20 mg/kg, IP, were 39.85, 66.19, 48.02, 35.32, and 26.52 g/ml in the predicted periods of 0.26, 0.6, 1, 2, 4, and 24 hours. The levels increase to 57.01, 384.16, 210.68, 138.68, 65.51, and 50.1/ml, correspondingly, if DM 1.26 mg/kg, IP, is administered. The highest concentration (Cmax) of PB increases by 426%, the area over the curve (AUC0-∞) increases by 196%, the area over the time curve (AUC0-∞) increases by 140%, the removal rate variable (Kel) increases by 50%, and the area under the curve (AUC0-∞) increases by 140% as a consequence of the changed pharmacokinetics of PB. The average duration of residence (MRT), a continuous state of the amount of dispersion (t1/2β) clearance rate, and half-life are all reduced to 33%, 18%, 78%, and 60%, respectively. The total results show that PB and DM combine pharmacologically in a way known as synergism. Additionally, PB's blood levels and kinetics have changed, which has improved the drug's therapeutic effectiveness in the chick type.
References
Chai, Z., Zhang, X., Dobbins, A.L., Rigsbee, K.M., Wang, B., Samulski, R.J. and Li, C., 2019. Optimization of dexamethasone administration for maintaining global transduction efficacy of adeno-associated virus serotype 9. Human gene therapy, 30(7), pp.829-840.
Black, R. and Grodzinsky, A.J., 2019. Dexamethasone: chondroprotective corticosteroid or catabolic killer?. European cells & materials, 38, p.246.
Barekatain, R., Chrystal, P.V., Gilani, S. and McLaughlan, C.J., 2021. Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 105(1), pp.90-98.
Ayuso, M., Buyssens, L., Stroe, M., Valenzuela, A., Allegaert, K., Smits, A., Annaert, P., Mulder, A., Carpentier, S., Van Ginneken, C. and Van Cruchten, S., 2020. The neonatal and juvenile pig in pediatric drug discovery and development. Pharmaceutics, 13(1), p.44.
Dutch, R.S., 2019. Tissue Residue Depletion in Domestic Chickens After Multiple Oral and Single Intravenous Dosing of Meloxicam. University of California, Davis.
Osho, S.O. and Adeola, O., 2020. Chitosan oligosaccharide supplementation alleviates stress stimulated by in-feed dexamethasone in broiler chickens. Poultry science, 99(4), pp.2061-2067.
Jiang, H., Xu, X., Song, S., Wu, A., Liu, L., Kuang, H. and Xu, C., 2022. A monoclonal antibody-based colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for the analysis of novobiocin in beef and chicken. Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A, 39(6), pp.1053-1064.
Nethathe, B., Chipangura, J., Hassan, I.Z., Duncan, N., Adawaren, E.O., Havenga, L. and Naidoo, V., 2021. Diclofenac toxicity in susceptible bird species results from a combination of reduced glomerular filtration and plasma flow with subsequent renal tubular necrosis. PeerJ, 9, p.e12002.
Scott, K.A., Qureshi, M.H., Cox, P.B., Marshall, C.M., Bellaire, B.C., Wilcox, M., Stuart, B.A. and Njardarson, J.T., 2020. A structural analysis of the FDA green book-approved veterinary drugs and roles in human medicine. Journal of medicinal chemistry, 63(24), pp.15449-15482.
Ayuso, M., Buyssens, L., Stroe, M., Valenzuela, A., Allegaert, K., Smits, A., Annaert, P., Mulder, A., Carpentier, S., Van Ginneken, C. and Van Cruchten, S., 2020. The neonatal and juvenile pig in pediatric drug discovery and development. Pharmaceutics, 13(1), p.44.
Hu, X., Wang, Y., Sheikhahmadi, A., Li, X., Buyse, J., Lin, H. and Song, Z., 2019. Effects of glucocorticoids on lipid metabolism and AMPK in broiler chickens' liver. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part b: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 232, pp.23-30.
Guo, Y., Su, A., Tian, H., Ding, M., Wang, Y., Tian, Y., Li, K., Sun, G., Jiang, R., Han, R. and Kang, X., 2021. TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals the spleen regulatory network of dexamethasone-induced immune suppression in chicks. Journal of Proteomics, 248, p.104353.
Wu, Y., Wen, J., Han, J., Tian, Y. and Man, C., 2022. Stress-induced immunosuppression increases levels of certain circulating miRNAs and affects the immune response to an infectious bursal disease virus vaccine in chickens. Research in Veterinary Science, 142, pp.141-148.
Barekatain, R., Chrystal, P.V., Gilani, S. and McLaughlan, C.J., 2021. Expression of selected genes encoding mechanistic pathways, nutrient and amino acid transporters in jejunum and ileum of broiler chickens fed a reduced protein diet supplemented with arginine, glutamine and glycine under stress stimulated by dexamethasone. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 105(1), pp.90-98.
[Xu, S., Guo, R., Li, P.Z., Li, K., Yan, Y., Chen, J., Wang, G., Brand‐Saberi, B., Yang, X. and Cheng, X., 2019. Dexamethasone interferes with osteoblasts formation during osteogenesis through altering IGF‐1‐mediated angiogenesis. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 234(9), pp.15167-15181.
