Maternal Health Condition and Lying Behavior in Grazing Milk Cows: Comprehensive Analysis
Abstract
Many cows face difficulties during the shift from pregnancy to lactation, which results in a high frequency of postpartum illnesses. There is a significant study vacuum relating the laying habits of pastured milk cows, despite the fact that changes in lying behavior might be a sign of sickness. In order to address these issues, the study describes the lying behavior dairy cows engage in grazing during the first three weeks following calving and investigates the connections across lying behavior and transition illnesses. During winter calving, cows were registered as they calved, and laying behavior was recorded at one-minute intervals using electronic data recorders. Cows were divided into three health categories: healthy, lame, and unwell, diseases were recorded up to 21 days after calving. Individuals in the ill group were subdivided between those, who had one clinical health incident and those who had several. The analysis of lying behavior took into account variables including parity and health state. It is different for primiparous and multiparous dairy cows to lie when they are grazing. More time is spent lying down in multiparous cows than primiparous cows, which have more lying sessions. Given that primiparous cows have several clinical conditions, illness has an impact on lying behavior. Multiparous cows who exhibit clinical lameness tend to lie down more frequently, whereas cows that exhibit clinical lameness experience shorter and more prolonged spells. Finding and managing postpartum illnesses in pastured dairy herds can be facilitated by an understanding of these relationships.
References
Attia, N., &Mellahi, H. (2021). Physicochemical and microbiological quality analyses of cow’s raw milk raised in a rural region and an urban region.http://doi.org/10.125484 5154/11976.
van den Pol-van Dasselaar, A., Hennessy, D., &Isselstein, J. (2020). Grazing of dairy cows in Europe—An in-depth analysis based on the perception of grassland experts. Sustainability, 12(3), 1098.https://doi.org/10.3390/su12031098.
Hennessy, D., Delaby, L., van den Pol-van Dasselaar, A., &Shalloo, L. (2020). Increasing grazing in dairy cow milk production systems in Europe. Sustainability, 12(6), 2443.https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062443.
Hossain, A., Sarkar, S., Rahman, M. A., Bhatt, R., Garai, S., Saha, S., ...&Meena, R. S. (2021). Ecological Intensification for Sustainable Agriculture in South Asia. Ecological Intensification of Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture, 171-213.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4203-3_6.
Mirpuri, J. (2021). Evidence for maternal diet-mediated effects on the offspring microbiome and immunity: implications for public health initiatives. Pediatric Research, 89(2), 301-306.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41390-020-01121-x.
Vaarst, M., Hellec, F., Verwer, C., Johanssen, J. R. E., &Sørheim, K. (2020). Cow-calf contact in dairy herds is viewed from the perspectives of calves, cows, humans, and the farming system. Farmers' perceptions and experiences related to dam-rearing systems. J. Sustainable Organic Agric. Systems, 70(1), 49-57.
Temple, D., & Manteca, X. (2020). Animal welfare in extensive production systems is still an area of concern. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 4, 545902.https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.545902
Rodriguez-Baena, D. S., Gomez-Vela, F. A., García-Torres, M., Divina, F., Barranco, C. D., Daz-Diaz, N., ...& Montalvo, G. (2020). Identifying livestock behavior patterns based on the accelerometer dataset. Journal of Computational Science, 41, 101076.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocs.2020.101076.
Claramunt, M., Meikle, A., &Soca, P. (2020). Metabolic hormones, grazing behavior, offspring physical distance, and the productive response of beef cow grazing at two herbage allowances. animal, 14(7), 1520-1528. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119003021.
Kour, H., Patison, K. P., Corbet, N. J., & Swain, D. L. (2021). Recording cattle maternal behavior using proximity loggers and tri-axial accelerometers. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 240, 105349. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.applanim.2021.105349.
Matamala, F., Strappini, A., &Sepúlveda-Varas, P. (2021). Dairy cow behavior around calving: Its relationship with management practices and environmental conditions. Austral journal of veterinary sciences, 53(1), 9-22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/ S0719-81322021000100009.
Nevard, R. P., Pant, S. D., Broster, J. C., Norman, S. T., & Stephen, C. P. (2022). Maternal behavior in beef cattle: The physiology, assessment and future directions—A review. Veterinary Sciences, 10(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010010.
Kent, J. P. (2020). The cow–calf relationship: from maternal responsiveness to the maternal bond and the possibilities for fostering. Journal of Dairy Research, 87(S1), 101-107. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022029920000436.
Williams, M., Prendiville, R., O’Sullivan, K., McCabe, S., Kennedy, E., Liddane, M., & Buckley, F. (2019). Developing and validating a model to predict the dry matter intake of grazing lactating beef cows. animal, 13(11), 2639-2649.https://doi.org/10.1017/S17517311190 0 1241.
Hendriks, S. J., Phyn, C. V. C., Turner, S. A., Mueller, K. M., Kuhn-Sherlock, B., Donaghy, D. J., ... & Roche, J. R. (2019). Lying behavior and activity during the transition period of clinically healthy grazing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(8), 7371-7384. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2014-8357.
Neave, H. W., Zobel, G., Thoday, H., Saunders, K., Edwards, J. P., & Webster, J. (2022). Toward on-farm measurement of personality traits and their relationships to behavior and productivity of grazing dairy cattle. Journal of Dairy Science, 105(7), 6055-6069.https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2021-21249.
Rearte, R., Corva, S. G., de la Sota, R. L., Lacau-Mengido, I. M., &Giuliodori, M. J. (2022). Associations of somatic cell count with milk yield and reproductive performance in grazing dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 105(7), 6251-6260.https://doi.org/10.3168/jds. 2021-21504.
Nevard, R. P., Pant, S. D., Broster, J. C., Norman, S. T., & Stephen, C. P. (2022). Maternal behavior in beef cattle: The physiology, assessment and future directions—A review. Veterinary Sciences, 10(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci10010010.
Orihuela, A., Mota-Rojas, D., Strappini, A., Serrapica, F., Braghieri, A., Mora-Medina, P., & Napolitano, F. (2021). Neurophysiological mechanisms of cow–calf bonding in buffalo and other farm animals. Animals, 11(7), 1968. https://doi.org/10.3 390/ani11071968.
Orihuela, A., & Galina, C. S. (2019). Effects of separation of cows and calves on reproductive performance and animal welfare in tropical beef cattle. Animals, 9(5), 223.https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9050223.
Langova, L., Novotna, I., Nemcova, P., Machacek, M., Havlicek, Z., Zemanova, M., &Chrast, V. (2020). Impact of nutrients on the hoof health in cattle. Animals, 10(10), 1824.https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10101824.
Afonso, J. S., Bruce, M., Keating, P., Raboisson, D., Clough, H., Oikonomou, G., & Rushton, J. (2020). Profiling detection and classification of lameness methods in British dairy cattle research: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 542.https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2020.00542.
Gladden, N., Ellis, K., Martin, J., &McKeegan, D. E. (2022, September). Effects of postpartum analgesia on the behavior of Holstein cows experiencing both assisted and unassisted parturition. In 31st World Buiatrics Congress. https://doi.org/10.1002/ 978111 9436669.ch46.
