Addressing Veterinary Care Gaps for Tiny Dairy Enterprises in India: An In-Depth Analysis
Keywords:
Artificial Insemination, Dairy Producers, Conception Rate, Constraints
Abstract
The livelihoods of small-scale dairy farmers in India depend on the health and productivity of their animals, which can be ensured by filling the gaps in veterinary care for microdairy operations. This study focuses on the numerous challenges that dairy producers in various Indian states confront. The main characteristic of the eastern states is their unfavorable climate. The northeastern region is mostly hilly, and the main problems faced by dairy producers were worries about the low price of milk, the lack of green fodder, repeat breeding, and insufficient treatment facilities. The largest state in India is the Central States, where dairy producers deal with issues like low milk prices, inferior animals, underproductive local cows, and subpar feed and fodder. Similar issues with time veterinary services, inadequate disease expertise, and inadequate irrigation infrastructure existed in the western states. The main issues Southern states faced were the high cost of labor and veterinary care, the high cost of dairy products, feed, and concentrate, and the low incidence of artificial intelligence conception.
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Al-Iraqi, M., Muhammad, Jumah, Bakri, Ismat, Sarhan, & Hussein. (2022). Trends of Milk Production in Egypt. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Economics, 32(3), 715-730. Doi: 10.21608/meae.2022.144143.1067
Clay, N., Garnett, T., & Lorimer, J. (2020). Dairy intensification: Drivers, impacts, and alternatives. Ambio, 49(1), 35-48. Doi: 10.1007/s13280-019-01177-y
Croyle, S. L., Belage, E., Khosa, D. K., LeBlanc, S. J., Haley, D. B., & Kelton, D. F. (2019). Dairy farmers' expectations and receptivity regarding animal welfare advice: A focus group study. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(8), 7385-7397. Doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-15821
da Rosa Righi, R., Goldschmidt, G., Kunst, R., Deon, C., & da Costa, C. A. (2020). Towards combining data prediction and the Internet of Things to manage milk production on dairy cows. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 169, 105156. Doi: 10.1016/j.compag.2019.105156
Fischer, K., Sjöström, K., Stiernström, A., &Emanuelson, U. (2019). Dairy farmers' perspectives on antibiotic use: a qualitative study. Journal of Dairy Science, 102(3), 2724-2737.Doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-15015
Kebebe, E. (2019). Bridging technology adoption gaps in the livestock sector in Ethiopia: An innovation system perspective. Technology in Society, 57, 30-37. Doi: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.12.002
Korale-Gedara, P., Weerahewa, J., & Roy, D. (2023). Food safety in milk: Adoption of food safety practices by small-scale dairy farmers in Sri Lanka and their determinants. Food Control, 143, 109274. Doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109274
Marshall, K., Salmon, G. R., Tebug, S., Juga, J., MacLeod, M., Poole, J., ...&Missohou, A. (2020). Net benefits of smallholder dairy cattle farms in Senegal can be significantly increased through the use of better dairy cattle breeds and improved management practices. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(9), 8197-8217. Doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-17334
Mills, K. E., Weary, D. M., & von Keyserlingk, M. A. (2021). Graduate Student Literature Review: Challenges and opportunities for human resource management on dairy farms. Journal of Dairy Science, 104(1), 1192-1202. Doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18455
Minten, B., Habte, Y., Tamru, S., &Tesfaye, A. (2020). The transforming dairy sector in Ethiopia. Plos one, 15(8), e0237456. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237456
Mutua, F., Sharma, G., Grace, D., Bandyopadhyay, S., Shome, B., &Lindahl, J. (2020). A review of animal health and drug use practices in India and their possible link to antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 9, 1-13. Doi: 10.1186/s13756-020-00760-3
Nyokabi, N. S., Lindahl, J. F., Phelan, L. T., Berg, S., Gemechu, G., Mihret, A., ...& Moore, H. L. (2023). Exploring the composition and structure of milk and meat value chains, food safety risks, and governance in the Addis Ababa and Oromia regions of Ethiopia. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 7, 114. Doi: 10.3389/fsufs.2023.1085390
Nyokabi, N. S., Phelan, L., Gemechu, G., Berg, S., Mihret, A., Wood, J. L., & Moore, H. L. (2023). Exploring animal husbandry in smallholder dairy systems in Ethiopia using photovoice. Agriculture & Food Security, 12(1), 1-16. Doi: 10.1186/s40066-023-00420-w
Nyokabi, S., Luning, P. A., de Boer, I. J., Korir, L., Muunda, E., Bebe, B. O., ... &Oosting, S. J. (2021). Milk quality and hygiene: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of smallholder dairy farmers in central Kenya. Food Control, 130, 108303. Doi: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2021.108303
Osorio, J. S. (2020). Gut health, stress, and immunity in neonatal dairy calves: the host side of host-pathogen interactions. Journal of animal science and biotechnology, 11(1), 105. Doi: 10.1186/s40104-020-00509-3
Sah, K., Karki, P., Shrestha, R. D., Sigdel, A., Adesogan, A. T., & Dahl, G. E. (2020). MILK Symposium review: Improving control of mastitis in dairy animals in Nepal. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(11), 9740-9747. Doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18314
Schnitt, A., &Tenhagen, B. A. (2020). Risk factors for the occurrence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dairy herds: an update. Foodborne pathogens and disease, 17(10), 585-596. Doi: 10.1089/fpd.2019.2638
Vyas, D., Nelson, C. D., Bromfield, J. J., Liyanamana, P., Krause, M., & Dahl, G. E. (2020). MILK Symposium review: Identifying constraints, opportunities, and best practices for improving milk production in market-oriented dairy farms in Sri Lanka. Journal of Dairy Science, 103(11), 9774-9790. Doi: 10.3168/jds.2020-18305
Wemette, M., Safi, A. G., Beauvais, W., Ceres, K., Shapiro, M., Moroni, P., ...&Ivanek, R. (2020). New York State dairy farmers’ perceptions of antibiotic use and resistance: A qualitative interview study. Plos one, 15(5), e0232937. Doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232937
Published
2024-01-01
How to Cite
R Kavitha, Ramakant Upadhyay, Zeeshan Ahmad Lone. (2024). Addressing Veterinary Care Gaps for Tiny Dairy Enterprises in India: An In-Depth Analysis. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 24(3), 553-560. Retrieved from https://veterinaria.org/index.php/REDVET/article/view/482
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