Understanding Of Trypan Blue Cytological Staining Increment Due To Biological Membrane Peroxidation

Abstract

Trypan Blue is an azo dye that extensively uses a marker to distinguish between viable and dead cells. This is because the plasma membranes of viable or live cells remain intact to uptake the Trypan Blue molecules, whereas in the case of non-viable or dead cells, there is the occurrence of membrane pores which may often be due to alterations like Phosphatidyl Serine inversion to the outer leaflet of their plasma membranes. Besides this, microvesicles or apoptotic bodies are formed due to membrane budding, which ultimately leads to the entry of Trypan Blue molecules if these cells are exposed to Trypan Blue. Moreover, Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has a pivotal contribution in oxidative stress-mediated and redox signaling-mediated cytological mortality. Due to its hydrophilicity, it can impact the property of selective permeability of plasma membranes. Being an oxidizing agent, H2O2 initiates halting at times of the progression of the cell cycle. It is evident that H2O2 accumulation in the cytoplasm triggers apoptosis. Apart from this, H2O2 can cause lipid peroxidation, which is perhaps the most valid aspect of Trypan Blue entry when both Trypan Blue and Hydrogen peroxide are simultaneously introduced to the viable cells, leading to their death with the passage of time.