Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Environmental Sources, Human Exposure Pathways, And Potential Health Impacts
Abstract
Plastics have a profound impact on daily life, including packaging, medicine, and household items. Their disposal after single use and subsequent breakdown into micro- and nano-plastics raise significant concerns about their effects on ecosystems and human health. Microplastics and nanoplastics have emerged as ubiquitous contaminants in natural and human-made environments, including oceans, freshwater systems, and the atmosphere. These particles have been implicated in sources of human exposure including contaminated seafood, drinking water, and various food items, exacerbated by migration from packaging materials. This systematic review synthesizes current literature on the sources, pathways, and health impacts of these particles, focusing on human exposure and associated risks. Microplastics and nanoplastics can enter the human body primarily through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact, posing potential health risks such as oxidative damage, inflammation, and disruption of physiological processes in the gastrointestinal, central nervous system, nephrons and respiratory systems leading towards gastrointestinal disturbances, neurotoxicity, nephropathy, and respiratory diseases. This paper aims to inspire further studies to understand the full extent of microplastic and nanoplastic contamination, their interaction with biological pathways and the implementation of effective regulatory measures to mitigate human health risks associated with these particles.
References
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33. Nalbone, L., Cincotta, F., Giarratana, F., Ziino, G. and Panebianco, A., 2021. Microplastics in fresh and processed mussels sampled from fish shops and large retail chains in Italy. Food Control, 125, p.108003.
34. Paul, M.B., Stock, V., Cara-Carmona, J., Lisicki, E., Shopova, S., Fessard, V., Braeuning, A., Sieg, H. and Böhmert, L., 2020. Micro-and nanoplastics–current state of knowledge with the focus on oral uptake and toxicity. Nanoscale Advances, 2(10), pp.4350-4367.
35. Pironti, C., Ricciardi, M., Motta, O., Miele, Y., Proto, A. and Montano, L., 2021. Microplastics in the environment: intake through the food web, human exposure and toxicological effects. Toxics, 9(9), p.224.
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Published
2024-08-25
How to Cite
Wilson Joel Rodrigues, Meena Kumari H R, & Satish Kumar J. (2024). Microplastics And Nanoplastics: Environmental Sources, Human Exposure Pathways, And Potential Health Impacts. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(1S), 537-543. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i1S.750
Section
Articles
