Extraction Of Phytochemicals From Hemidesmus Indicus Leaves: Evaluation Of In Vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic And Antifungal Properties
Keywords:
Hemidesmus indicus, phytochemistry, antioxidant, antidiabetic, antifungal property.
Abstract
This study investigates the in vitro antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antifungal properties of Hemidesmus indicus leaf extracts using various solvents, including benzene, chloroform, methanol, ethanol, and aqueous solutions. The antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays, while the antidiabetic potential was evaluated through α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays. The antifungal activity was tested against Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus, and Aspergillus niger using the well diffusion method. Among the extracts, the methanolic extract demonstrated the highest efficacy, with IC50 values of 42.88 μg mL⁻¹ (DPPH), 29.62 μg mL⁻¹ (FRAP), 28.55 μg mL⁻¹ (α-amylase inhibition), and 31.64 μg mL⁻¹ (α-glucosidase inhibition). It also exhibited effective antifungal activity, particularly against Candida albicans. The chloroform extract showed effective activity, especially in the FRAP assay and enzyme inhibition tests, along with moderate antifungal properties. In contrast, the benzene, ethanol, and aqueous extracts demonstrated moderate to lower efficacy across all assays, though the aqueous extract showed significant antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger. These findings represents the significant potential of Hemidesmus indicus as a source of natural antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antifungal agents, with the methanolic extract showing the most promise.
References
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[21] D.J.& Y. Ida, Journal of Population Therapeutics, Researchgate.Net. 27 (2020) 19–22. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.2794.
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[23] R. Zhou, P. Dzomba, L. Gwatidzo, Phytochemicals as potential active principal components for formulation of alternative antifungal remedies against Trichophyton spp.: a systematic review, (2024). https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/pac-2023-1114.
[2] A.B. Olokoba, O.A. Obateru, L.B. Olokoba, Type 2 diabetes mellitus: a review of current trends., Oman Med. J. 27 (2012) 269–273. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2012.68.
[3] A. Caturano, M. D’Angelo, A. Mormone, V. Russo, M.P. Mollica, T. Salvatore, R. Galiero, L. Rinaldi, E. Vetrano, R. Marfella, M. Monda, A. Giordano, F.C. Sasso, Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes: Impacts from Pathogenesis to Lifestyle Modifications., Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 45 (2023) 6651–6666. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45080420.
[4] E.E. Tulin, J.J.D. Atok, A.B. Tulin, A.J.S. Vergara, M.T.P. Loreto, Alpha-amylase and Alpha-glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Philippine Indigenous Medicinal Plants, J. Nat. Remedies. 24 (2024) 877–884. https://doi.org/10.18311/jnr/2024/29845.
[5] S. Kartini, S. Juariah, D. Mardhiyani, M. Fadzelly, A. Bakar, F. Izzani, A. Bakar, Phytochemical P roperties , Antioxidant Activity and α - Amilase Inhibitory of Curcuma Caesia, 1 (2023) 255–263.
[6] P. Faaiz, Nutritional, pharmacological activities and food application of nannari root: A review, Pharma Innov. 12 (2023) 1586–1591. https://doi.org/10.22271/tpi.2023.v12.i5t.20123.
[7] S. Malaiya, S. Yadav, H. Jain, A. Shrivastava, Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics Pharmacological evaluation of anxiolytic activity of ethanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus in rodent model, 14 (2024) 43–50.
[8] R.S. Bachhav, K.R. Jadhav, P.S. Malpure, P.R. Shinde, Hemidesmus indicus R . Br . Fraction Ameliorates Diabetic Neuropathy Caused by Streptozotocin, 16 (2023) 4423–4430. https://doi.org/10.52711/0974-360X.2023.00722.
[9] R. Choudhary, HEMIDESMUS INDICUS ( ANANTMOOL ): RARE HERB OF CHHATTISGARH SUMONA CHAKRABORTTY a AND RACHANA CHOUDHARY b1, (2020).
[10] D. Saumya, M. Avijit, O. Smriti, P. Deepika, S. Himanshu, P. Pratibha, P.S. Rashmi, Anti Urolithiatic and Diuretic Potentiality of Hemidesmus indicus R. Br., Curr. Bioact. Compd. 20 (2024) 97–105. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0115734072286989240124112311.
[11] S. Dubale, D. Kebebe, A. Zeynudin, N. Abdissa, S. Suleman, Phytochemical Screening and Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation of Selected Medicinal Plants in Ethiopia., J. Exp. Pharmacol. 15 (2023) 51–62. https://doi.org/10.2147/JEP.S379805.
[12] R.K. Singla, V. Dhir, R. Madaan, D. Kumar, S. Singh Bola, M. Bansal, S. Kumar, A.K. Dubey, S. Singla, B. Shen, The Genus Alternanthera: Phytochemical and Ethnopharmacological Perspectives., Front. Pharmacol. 13 (2022) 769111. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2022.769111.
[13] N. Chaves, A. Santiago, J.C. Alías, Quantification of the Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts: Analysis of Sensitivity and Hierarchization Based on the Method Used., Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland). 9 (2020). https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9010076.
[14] M. Lakshmanan, Plant Extraction Methods, in: M. Lakshmanan, D.G. Shewade, G.M. Raj (Eds.), Introd. to Basics Pharmacol. Toxicol. Vol. 3 Exp. Pharmacol. Res. Methodol. Biostat., Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, 2022: pp. 773–783. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5343-9_54.
[15] A. Stiller, K. Garrison, K. Gurdyumov, J. Kenner, F. Yasmin, P. Yates, B.-H. Song, From Fighting Critters to Saving Lives: Polyphenols in Plant Defense and Human Health., Int. J. Mol. Sci. 22 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22168995.
[16] A. Rana, M. Samtiya, T. Dhewa, V. Mishra, R.E. Aluko, Health benefits of polyphenols: A concise review., J. Food Biochem. 46 (2022) e14264. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.14264.
[17] , Nutan, M.K. Das, G. Saxena, N. Kumar, To perform phytochemical screening and study the antioxidant potential of isolated compound from Hemidesmus indicus, J. Drug Deliv. Ther. 9 (2019) 188–191. https://doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i2.2401.
[18] M. Nagat, E. Barka, R. Lawrence, M. Saani, Phytochemical screening, antioxidant and antibacterial activity of active compounds from Hemidesmus indicus, Int. J. Curr. Pharm. Rev. Res. 8 (2016) 24–27.
[19] S. Kumari, R. Saini, A. Bhatnagar, A. Mishra, HR-LCMS and evaluation of anti-diabetic activity of Hemidesmus indicus (anantmool): Kinetic study, and molecular modelling approach., Comput. Biol. Chem. 105 (2023) 107896. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107896.
[20] A. Joshi, H. Lad, H. Sharma, D. Bhatnagar, Evaluation of phytochemical composition and antioxidative, hypoglycaemic and hypolipidaemic properties of methanolic extract of Hemidesmus indicus roots in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, Clin. Phytoscience. 4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40816-018-0064-0.
[21] D.J.& Y. Ida, Journal of Population Therapeutics, Researchgate.Net. 27 (2020) 19–22. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i18.2794.
[22] A. Bakshi, N. Sharma, A.K. Nagpal, Comparative evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and antidiabetic potential of five ethnomedicinal plant species from Punjab, India, South African J. Bot. 150 (2022) 478–487. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sajb.2022.08.019.
[23] R. Zhou, P. Dzomba, L. Gwatidzo, Phytochemicals as potential active principal components for formulation of alternative antifungal remedies against Trichophyton spp.: a systematic review, (2024). https://doi.org/doi:10.1515/pac-2023-1114.
Published
2024-09-12
How to Cite
Dr. Sujatha Taidala, Dr. M Ramakrishna, Dr. Shyamala Chandra Rokkala, Mr. Raviteja Galla, & Mrs. Vijaya Santhi Matha. (2024). Extraction Of Phytochemicals From Hemidesmus Indicus Leaves: Evaluation Of In Vitro Antioxidant, Antidiabetic And Antifungal Properties. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(1S), 895-903. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i1S.909
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