Effect Of Solvent On Flavonoid, Polyphenol Content And Biological Activities Of Phyla Nodiflora Extracts
Keywords:
Phyla nodiflora, extraction solvent, antioxidant, inhibit NO production.
Abstract
This study investigated the influence of different solvents on the total polyphenol and flavonoid content; and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity (NO inhibition) of Phyla nodiflora extracts. Food-grade ethanol 90° (ethanol), and ethanol/water mixtures at ratios of 7:3, 5:5, and 3:7 were used as the extracting solvents, yielding the corresponding extracts PN-E100, PN-EW73, PN-EW55, and PN-EW37, respectively. The results showed that the PN-EW73 extract had the highest total polyphenol content of 45.46 mg/g, while the PN-E100 extract had the highest total flavonoid content of 67.01 mg/g. The PN-EW73 extract also exhibited the best antioxidant activity as determined by the phosphomolybdenum and DPPH methods, and the best ability to inhibit nitric oxide production with EC50 values of the assays were 96.17, 63.98, and 75.13 µg/mL, respectively. These results facilitate selecting suitable solvents in developing natural antioxidant and natural NO inhibitory products derived from Phyla nodiflora.
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24. Cao TH, Ninh TCV, Luc QT, Nguyen TKY, Dinh TTTT, Ha TD. Assessment of Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolics, and Flavonoids of Different Extracts of Strobilanthes Schomburgkii Leaves. Advanced Zoology. 2023; 44(22). DOI: https://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v44iS2.849.
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27. Shukla S, Saluj AK, Pandya SS. In-vitro antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Lippia nodiflora Rich. Pharmacologyonline. 2009; 2: 450-459.
28. Sharma J, Al-Omran A, Parvathy S. Role of nitric oxide in Inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology. 2007; 15 (6): 252-259. DOI:10.1007/s10787-007-0013-x.
29. Flora: Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/3/7/3716 (Access in 6th July 2024).
2. Gross CL, Fatemi M, Julien M, McPherson H, Klinken RV. The phylogeny and biogeography of Phyla nodiflora (Verbenaceae) reveal native and invasive lineages throughout the world. Diversity. 2017; 9(2): 20. DOI:
10.3390/d9020020.
3. Abbas T, Ahmad I, Khan ZI, Okla MK, Saleh, Elgawad HA. Comparative physiological adaptations to industrial pollution stress mediated by melatonin in riparian vegetation and Phyla nodiflora an ornamental plant. Scientia Horticulturae. 2023; 321: 112367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.112367.
4. Al-Snafi AS. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Lippa nodiflora (Phyla nodiflora). Journal of Pharmacy. 2019 Aug: 15-25.
5. Yang Y, Lu S, Chen T. Verbenaceae. Flora of Taiwan. 1998; 127(4): 421.
6. Vo VC. Medicinal plants and Vietnamese herbs. Medical Publishing House. 2021; 1677p. ISBN 978-604-66-5081-2.
7. Parmar GR, Baile SB, Gohel K, Shah A, Patel S, Seth AK. An ethnobotanical and pharmacological review on Phyla nodiflora. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2020; 12(4): 3667-3673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105233.
8. Yadav RNS, Agarwala M. Phytochemical analysis of some medicinal plants. Journal of Phytology. 2021; 3(12): 10-14.
9. Ferreira ICFR, Baptista P, Vilas BM, Barros L. Free radical scavenging capacity and reducing the power of wild edible mushrooms from northeast Portugal: Individual cap and stipe activity. Food Chemistry. 2007; 100(4): 511˗1516. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2005.11.043.
10. Chang TC, Jang HD, Lin WD. Biochemical properties of black garlic aged under different temperatures of commercial rice wine extracts in Taiwan. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization. 2021; 15(1): 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11694-020-00648-1.
11. Oyaizu M. Studies on products of the browning reaction: Antioxidative activities of browning reaction products prepared from glucosamine. The Japanese Journal of Nutritional and Dietetics. 1986; 44(6): 307˗315. https://doi.org/10.5264/eiyogakuzashi.44.307
12. Prieto P, Pineda M, Aguilar M. Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the Determination of vitamin E. Analytical Biochemistry. 1999; 269(2): 337˗341. https://doi.org/10.1006/abio.1999.4019.
13. Okawa M, Kinjo J, Nohara T, Ono M. DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity of flavonoids obtained from some medicinal plants. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 2001; 24(10): 1202-1205. DOI:10.1248/bpb.24.1202.
14. Cheenpracha S., Park EJ, Rostama B, Pezzuto JM, Chang LC. Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells by the norsesterterpene peroxide, epimuqubilin A. Marine drugs. 2010; 8(3): 429-437. DOI: 10.3390/md8030429.
15. Liao H, Banbury L, Liang H, Wang X, Lü X, Hu L, Wu J. Effect of Honghua (Flos Carthami) on nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells and α-glucosidase activity. J Trad Chinese Med. 2014; 34(3): 362-368.
16. Tekin K, Hao N, Karagoz S, Ragauskas AJ. Ethanol: A Promising Green Solvent for the Deconstruction of Lignocellulose. ChemSusChem. 2018; 11(20):3559-3575. DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801291.
17. Yen FL, Wang MC, Liang CJ, Ko HH, Lee CW. Melanogenesis inhibitor(s) from Phyla nodiflora extract. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2012: 867494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/867494.
18. De Luna SLR, Ramirez-Garza RE, Saldivar SOS. Environmentally Friendly Methods for Flavonoid Extraction from Plant Material: Impact of Their Operating Conditions on Yield and Antioxidant Properties. ScientificWorld Journal. 2020, 28: 6792069. DOI: 10.1155/2020/6792069.
19. Dias MC, Pinta DCGA., Silva AMS. Plant Flavonoids: Chemical Charactetistics and Biological Activity. Molecules. 2021; 26(17): 5377. DOI: 10.3390/molecules26175377.
20. Khan N, Mukhtar H. Tea Polyphenols in Promotion of Human Health. Nutrients. 2018; 11(1): 39. DOI: 10.3390/nu11010039.
21. Cherubim DJL, Martines CVB, Fariña OL, Lucca AS. Polyphenols as natural antioxidants in cosmetics applications. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2019; 19(1):33-37. DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13093.
22. Sudha A., Srinivasan. Physicochemical and phytochemical profiles of aerial parts of Lippia. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2013; 4(11):4263-4271
23. Cao TH., Luc QT, Nguyen VH, Le TNQ, Nguyen TLH, Nguyen MH, Trinh DK. Assessment of the physicochemical properties and biological activity of Vietnamese single-bulb black garlic. Food Science. 2022; 49: 101866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101866.
24. Cao TH, Ninh TCV, Luc QT, Nguyen TKY, Dinh TTTT, Ha TD. Assessment of Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolics, and Flavonoids of Different Extracts of Strobilanthes Schomburgkii Leaves. Advanced Zoology. 2023; 44(22). DOI: https://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v44iS2.849.
25. Saeed N, Khan MR, Shabbir M. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of whole plant extracts Torilis Leptophylla L. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2012; 12(221).
26. Gulcin I, Alwasel SH. DPPH Radical Scavenging Assay. Processes. 2023; 11(8): 2248. https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11082248.
27. Shukla S, Saluj AK, Pandya SS. In-vitro antioxidant activity of aerial parts of Lippia nodiflora Rich. Pharmacologyonline. 2009; 2: 450-459.
28. Sharma J, Al-Omran A, Parvathy S. Role of nitric oxide in Inflammatory diseases. Inflammopharmacology. 2007; 15 (6): 252-259. DOI:10.1007/s10787-007-0013-x.
29. Flora: Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene. https://www.nparks.gov.sg/florafaunaweb/flora/3/7/3716 (Access in 6th July 2024).
Published
2024-09-09
How to Cite
Cao Thi Hue, Nguyen Truong Quoc Anh, Truong Quynh Mai, & Ha Thi Dung. (2024). Effect Of Solvent On Flavonoid, Polyphenol Content And Biological Activities Of Phyla Nodiflora Extracts. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(1S), 1057-1066. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i1S.993
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Articles
