Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
Keywords:
Tomato, Organic, Inorganic, Yield, Quality, Economics
Abstract
This two-year field study (2021–22 and 2022–23), looked at how organic and inorganic fertilizers affect tomato plants. The goal was to see how these fertilizers impact growth, yield, quality, and economic feasibility. Sixteen combinations of fertilizers were tested, including inorganic fertilizers at different rates (0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% recommended dose) and organic fertilizers like Panchgavya, Jeevamrutha, and a plant growth-promoting spray (PGPOS). Higher levels of inorganic fertilizers improved plant growth, while PGPOS gave the best results among the organic fertilizers. Both fertilizers increased fruit weight and yield. Quality measures like vitamin C, chlorophyll, and lycopene also improved with more fertilizer. The highest economic return came from the 100% RDF with PGPOS. Overall, proper fertilizer use can significantly improve tomato production and quality. However, no significant interaction was observed between the types of inorganic and organic fertilizers. From an economic perspective, the highest benefit-cost ratio (B) was achieved with the 100% RDF and PGPOS treatments, proving their economic feasibility. This study emphasizes the advantages of proper fertilizer application in improving tomato production and quality.
References
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25. Verdi, L., Dalla Marta, A., Falconi, F., Orlandini, S. and Mancini, M., 2022. Comparison between organic and conventional farming systems using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): A case study with an ancient wheat variety. European Journal of Agronomy, 141: 126638.
26. Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhang, S. and Wang, Y. 2018. What could promote farmers to replace chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers?. Journal of Cleaner Production, 199: 882-890.
2. Alexoaei, A.P., Robu, R.G., Cojanu, V., Miron, D. and Holobiuc, A.M. 2022. Good practices in reforming the common agricultural policy to support the European green Deal–a perspective on the consumption of pesticides and fertilizers. Amfiteatru Economic, 24(60): 525-545.
3. Anonymous. 2022. Horticulture statistics at a glance. Govt. of India, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Dept. of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Horticulture Statistics Division.
4. Antal-Tremurici, A., Bute, A., Bouruc, D., Brezeanu, C. and Brezeanu, P.M. 2022. Effects of several organic fertilizers on growth, development and quality properties of tomatoes obtained in organic system: a review. Scientific Papers. Series B. Horticulture, 66(1).
5. Bilalis, D., Krokida, M., Roussis, I., Papastylianou, P., Travlos, I., Cheimona, N. and Dede, A. 2018. Effects of organic and inorganic fertilization on yield and quality of processing tomato (Mill.). Folia Horticulturae, 30(2): 321-332.
6. Chaudhary, B. 1996. Exploitation of heterosis in tomato yield and components. South Indian Horticulture 49: 59-85.
7. Duddigan, S., Shaw, L.J., Sizmur, T. et al. 2023. Natural farming improves crop yield in SE India when compared to conventional or organic systems by enhancing soil quality. Agron. Sustain. Dev., 43: 31.
8. Geetha, P. and Rani, I. 2020. Post harvest technology and value addition of tomatoes. Food Sci. Res. J., 11(2): 217-229.
9. Hernandez, M.F., Antonio-Ordonez, E., Preciado-Rangel, P., Gallegos-Robles, M.A., Vazquez-Vazquez, C., Reyes-Gonzales, A. and Esparza-Rivera, J.R. 2021. Effect of substrates formulated with organic materials on yielding, commercial and phytochemical quality, and benefit-cost ratio of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) produced under greenhouse conditions. Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca, 49(1): 11999-11999.
10. Hiscox, J.D. and Israelstam, G.F. 1979. A method for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaf tissue without maceration. Canadian Journal of Botany, 57: 1332 – 1334.
11. Ilupeju, E.A.O., Akanbi, W.B., Olaniyi, J.O., Lawal, B.A., Ojo, M.A. and Akintokun, P.O. 2015. Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth, fruit yield, nutritional and lycopene contents of three varieties of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill) in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. African Journal of Biotechnology, 14(31): 2424-2433.
12. Iqbal, A., He, L., Khan, A., Wei, S., Akhtar, K., Ali, I., Ullah, S., Munsif, F., Zhao, Q. and Jiang, L. 2019. Organic Manure Coupled with Inorganic Fertilizer: An Approach for the Sustainable Production of Rice by Improving Soil Properties and Nitrogen Use Efficiency. Agronomy, 9(10): 651.
13. Kakar, K., Xuan, T.D., Noori, Z., Aryan, S. and Gulab, G. 2020. Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield, and Grain Quality of Rice. Agriculture, 10(11): 544.
14. Kumar, K., Verma, G., Veer, R., Kumar, S. and Kumar, P. 2020. Exploitation of Panchagavya, benefits and eco-friendly management of plant diseases: A review. J. Entomol. Zool. Stud, 8: 2360-2364.
15. Mandal, R. and Dutta, G. 2020. From photosynthesis to biosensing: Chlorophyll proves to be a versatile molecule. Sensors International, 1: 100058.
16. Mohit, M.K., Singh, M.K., Singh, S.P. and Naresh, R.K. 2019. Effect of integrated use of organic and inorganic sources of nutrients on growth, yield quality and profitability of tomato (lycopersicon esculentum mill.) Var. Pusa rohini. International Journal of Agricultural and Statistical Sciences, 15(1): 57-66.
17. Ram, R.A. and Pathak, R.K. 2016. Organic approaches for sustainable production of horticultural crops: A review. Progressive Horticulture, 48(1): 1-16.
18. Ranganna, S. 1986. Handbook of Analysis and quality control for fruit and vegetable products. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing company Limited. New Delhi. 182p.
19. Rouphael, Y., Kyriacou, M. C., Petropoulos, S. A., De Pascale, S. and Colla, G. 2018. Improving vegetable quality in controlled environments. Scientia Horticulturae, 234, 275-289.
20. Sharma and Le Maguer. 1996. Lycopene in tomatoes and tomato pulp fractions. Italian Journal of Food Science, 2: 107-113.
21. Sinha, D. and Tandon, P. K. 2020. An overview of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium: Key players of nutrition process in plants. Sustainable solutions for elemental deficiency and excess in crop plants, 85-117.
22. Snedecor, G. W. and Cochran, W. G. 1967. Statistical methods, ed. 6, Ames, Iowa, 1967. Iowa State Univ Press Sect, 12: 349-352.
23. Sutar, R., Sujith, G. M. and Devakumar, N. 2019. Growth and yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] as influenced by jeevamrutha and panchagavya application. Legume Research-An International Journal, 42(6): 824-828.
24. Van Bueren, E. L., Jones, S. S., Tamm, L., Murphy, K. M., Myers, J. R., Leifert, C., & Messmer, M. M. 2011. The need to breed crop varieties suitable for organic farming, using wheat, tomato and broccoli as examples: A review. NJAS-Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences, 58(3-4), 193-205.
25. Verdi, L., Dalla Marta, A., Falconi, F., Orlandini, S. and Mancini, M., 2022. Comparison between organic and conventional farming systems using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA): A case study with an ancient wheat variety. European Journal of Agronomy, 141: 126638.
26. Wang, Y., Zhu, Y., Zhang, S. and Wang, Y. 2018. What could promote farmers to replace chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers?. Journal of Cleaner Production, 199: 882-890.
Published
2024-11-26
How to Cite
Nirmala Sharma, Kailash Agrawal, & Ishwar Patil. (2024). Effect of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Quality Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(2), 483- 490. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.1407
Section
Articles
