PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTICARIOGENIC AND BIOCOMPATIBILITY OF PSIDIUM GUAJAVA

Fathima Hinaz; Dr. Sarita Bhandari; Dr Venkata Suresh Venkataiah

doi:10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2211

Fathima Hinaz
Dr. Sarita Bhandari
Dr Venkata Suresh Venkataiah

DOI: https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2211

Keywords: Psidium guajava, phytochemical analysis, antioxidant, anticariogenic, biocompatibility, oral health.

Abstract

Background: Psidium guajava (guava) has been recognized for its medicinal properties, attributed to its rich phytochemical content. This study investigates the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, anticariogenic activity, and biocompatibility of Psidium guajava extract, aiming to evaluate its potential for applications in oral health care.

Methods: Phytochemical screening was conducted using standard qualitative methods to detect key bioactive compounds. Antioxidant activity was assessed through a DPPH radical scavenging assay, and anticariogenic efficacy was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, and Enterococcus faecalis. Hemolysis and MTT assays were performed to assess biocompatibility.

Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins. The extract exhibited strong antioxidant activity, with 94.9% inhibition at the highest concentration. The anticariogenic assay showed zones of inhibition (ZOI) of 13 mm for Streptococcus mutans, 17 mm for Lactobacillus, and 19 mm for Enterococcus faecalis at 100 µL concentration. Biocompatibility tests showed minimal hemolysis (3.6% at 100 µL) and low cytotoxicity, indicating the safety of the extract for therapeutic use.

Conclusion: Psidium guajava extract demonstrates significant antioxidant, antimicrobial, and biocompatible properties, making it a promising candidate for inclusion in oral care products aimed at preventing dental caries. Further in vivo studies and formulation development are warranted to explore its full clinical potential.

Author Biographies

Fathima Hinaz

Undergraduate, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai – 600077, India, Email ID: 152001081.sdc@saveetha.com

Dr. Sarita Bhandari

Department of Endodontics, Assistant Professor, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences (SIMATS), Chennai – 600077, India, Email ID: saritabhandari.sdc@saveetha.com

Dr Venkata Suresh Venkataiah

Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai - 600077, India, Email: venkatasureshvenkataiah.sdc@saveetha.com

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