Quantification of IRS-1 and akt levels in saliva of patient with OSCC

Prateek Veerendrakumar Siddhapur; Dr. Dinesh kumar

doi:10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2398

Prateek Veerendrakumar Siddhapur
Dr. Dinesh kumar

DOI: https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2398

Abstract

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains a significant global health burden, often diagnosed at advanced stages. The Insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) and Akt signaling axis is a critical driver of cellular proliferation and survival in many malignancies. This study aimed to quantify the levels of IRS-1 and Akt in the saliva of OSCC patients and evaluate their potential as non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers.

Materials and Methods: In this case-control study, unstimulated whole saliva was collected from 30 histopathologically confirmed OSCC patients and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. IRS-1 and Akt concentrations were quantified using high-sensitivity ELISA and normalized to total salivary protein content. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-tests, with significance set at p < 0.05.

Results: Salivary IRS-1 levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients (482.14 ± 84.56 pg/mg protein) compared to healthy controls (194.32 ± 42.18 pg/mg protein, p < 0.001). Similarly, salivary Akt levels were markedly elevated in the OSCC group (312.85 ± 62.34 pg/mg protein) compared to the control group (126.47 ± 28.92 pg/mg protein, p < 0.001). Furthermore, levels of both biomarkers were significantly higher in patients with advanced clinical stages (III/IV) compared to early-stage (I/II) disease (p < 0.01).

Conclusion: Salivary IRS-1 and Akt are significantly upregulated in OSCC and correlate with clinical disease progression. These findings suggest that the IRS-1/Akt signaling axis in saliva holds promise as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for the early detection and risk stratification of oral malignancy.

Author Biographies

Prateek Veerendrakumar Siddhapur

B.D.S-Undergraduate Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, nSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India.

Dr. Dinesh kumar

Assistant professor, Department of Pedodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical sciences (SIMATS), Chennai – 600077 India

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