Structural, Electrical, and Optoelectronic Investigation of Cs₃Bi₂I₉ Perovskite
Keywords:
Cs₃Bi₂I₉, lead-free perovskite, DC electrical conductivity, complex impedance spectroscopy, photodetector, optoelectronic properties
Abstract
TCs₃Bi₂I₉ is a lead-free halide perovskite with promising stability and optoelectronic properties. In this work, it was synthesized and systematically studied through structural, DC electrical, impedance, and photodetection measurements. Structural analysis confirms the formation of a well-crystalline phase with good phase purity. DC conductivity shows thermally activated behavior, indicating semiconducting nature. Complex impedance results reveal grain and grain-boundary contributions, with decreasing resistance at higher temperatures. The material also exhibits a clear photoresponse with enhanced photocurrent under illumination. Overall, Cs₃Bi₂I₉ demonstrates good electrical and optoelectronic performance, making it suitable for semiconductor and photodetector applications.
References
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2.Motsnyi, F. V., Vuychik, M. V., Smolanka, O. M., & Peresh, E. Y. (2005). Phase transition in Cs₃Bi₂I₉ ferroelastic: investigation by Raman scattering technique.
3.Machulin, V. F., Motsnyi, F. V., Peresh, E. Y., Smolanka, O. M., & Svechnikov, G. S. (2004). Effect of temperature variation on shift and broadening of exciton band in Cs₃Bi₂I₉ layered crystals.
4.Šiljegović, M. V., Petrović, J., Sekulić, D., Skuban, F., & Lukić-Petrović, S. R. (2020). Impedance response and I–V characteristics of Bi6 (As2S3) 94 and Bi7 (As2S3) 93 at elevated temperature. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 31(17), 14730-14736.
5.Biplab, G., Sudip, C., Hao, W., Claude, G., Shuzhou, L., Subodh, M., & Nripan, M. (2017). Poor Photovoltaic Performance of Cs3Bi2I9: An Insight through First-Principles Calculations.
6.Ghosh, B., Chakraborty, S., Wei, H., Guet, C., Li, S., Mhaisalkar, S., & Mathews, N. (2017). Poor photovoltaic performance of Cs3Bi2I9: an insight through first-principles calculations. The journal of physical chemistry C, 121(32), 17062-17067.
7.Medeiros, R. L., Melo, D. M., Oliveira, Â. A., Macedo, H. P., Fabris, G. S., Sambrano, J. R., ... & Morgado Jr, E. (2024). Effects of K, Rb, and Br doping on Cs3Bi2I9 perovskites: A design of experiments approach. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 184, 108752.
8.Kang, J., Liu, J., Allen, O., Al-Mamun, M., Liu, P., Yin, H., ... & Zhao, H. (2022). Fabrication of High‐Quality CsBi3I10 Films via a Gas‐Assisted Approach for Efficient Lead‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells. Energy Technology, 10(7), 2200318.
9.Li, W. G., Wang, X. D., Liao, J. F., Jiang, Y., & Kuang, D. B. (2020). Enhanced on–off ratio photodetectors based on lead‐free Cs3Bi2I9 single crystal thin films. Advanced Functional Materials, 30(12), 1909701.
10.Bu, N., Jia, S., Xiao, Y., Li, H., Li, N., Liu, X., ... & Liu, S. F. (2022). Inch-size Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 polycrystalline wafers with near-intrinsic properties for ultralow-detection-limit X-ray detection. Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 10(17), 6665-6672.
11.Li, X., Zhang, P., Hua, Y., Cui, F., Sun, X., Liu, L., ... & Tao, X. (2022). Ultralow detection limit and robust hard X-ray imaging detector based on inch-sized lead-free perovskite Cs3Bi2Br9 single crystals. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 14(7), 9340-9351.
12.Wei, S., Tie, S., Shen, K., Sun, H., Zheng, X., Wang, H., ... & Wu, J. (2022). Enhanced Carrier Transport in X‐Ray Detector Based on Cs3Bi2I9/MXene Composite Wafers. Advanced Optical Materials, 10(23), 2201585.
13.Waykar, R., Bhorde, A., Nair, S., Pandharkar, S., Gabhale, B., Aher, R., ... & Jadkar, S. (2020). Environmentally stable lead-free cesium bismuth iodide (Cs3Bi2I9) perovskite: Synthesis to solar cell application. Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, 146, 109608.
14.Zhang, H., Xu, Y., Sun, Q., Dong, J., Lu, Y., Zhang, B., & Jie, W. (2018). Lead free halide perovskite Cs 3 Bi 2 I 9 bulk crystals grown by a low temperature solution method. CrystEngComm, 20(34), 4935-4941.
15.Qi, Z., Fu, X., Yang, T., Li, D., Fan, P., Li, H., ... & Pan, A. (2019). Highly stable lead-free Cs3Bi2I9 perovskite nanoplates for photodetection applications. Nano Research, 12(8), 1894-1899.
16.Islam, M. T., Jani, M. R., Shorowordi, K. M., Hoque, Z., Gokcek, A. M., Vattipally, V., ... & Ahmed, S. (2021). Numerical simulation studies of Cs3Bi2I9 perovskite solar device with optimal selection of electron and hole transport layers. Optik, 231, 166417.
17.Zhang, J., Li, A., Li, B., Yang, M., Hao, X., Wu, L., ... & Zhang, J. (2022). Top-seed solution-based growth of perovskite Cs3Bi2I9 single crystal for high performance X-ray detection. ACS Photonics, 9(2), 641-651.
Published
2026-06-06
How to Cite
Hiral Patel, & Piyush Vyas. (2026). Structural, Electrical, and Optoelectronic Investigation of Cs₃Bi₂I₉ Perovskite. Revista Electronica De Veterinaria, 25(2), 2786-2789. https://doi.org/10.69980/redvet.v25i2.2452
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Articles
